Hyraxes Are Small Mammals Closely Related to Elephants

by Sessina Zerezghi, age 8

Hyraxes are mistaken for rodents, but they are ungulates. People think they look like large guinea pigs with flattened hoof-like nails. Hyraxes are agile creatures that scamper and leap on steep rocks and branches. They are also gregarious which means they live in colonies of up to 60 hyraxes.

Although hyraxes share ancestry with elephants, they are very small. They range from four to 12 pounds and can measure up to 12 to 22 inches. Hyraxes have a black patch on their back that covers a gland. When they are angered or startled, this specific patch of hair will rise. Another unique feature of hyraxes is their moist rubber-like feet that form a structure similar to a suction cup at the bottom of their soles. This allows them to have great agility and climbing skills.

Rock hyraxes live up to nine to 12 years. They are widely found in rocky areas. They can be specifically found in East Africa and the Middle East. Hyraxes are animals that are active in the day. These animals cannot control their own body heat so they cuddle up with one another to stay warm. They are also herbivorous which means they do not eat meat and instead eat plants. These animals travel up to a mile looking for food on trees and on the ground.

Hyraxes tend to be hunted for their furry pelts. These furry creatures are vulnerable with three of its seven species on the ICUN Redlists, indicating a serious risk and danger of extinction. As people, we can help these mammals by not hunting and donating to wildlife organizations. It is important to preserve the different hyrax species as they play important roles in various environments in parts of both Africa and the Middle East.

[Sources: Smithsonian's National Zoo & Conservation Biology Institute; The Encyclopedia of Mammals]